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BASIS / NETWEAVER INTERVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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21..What is the function of Modification Assistant?

The Modification Assistant helps you modify SAP standard delivered

objects and simplify a possible Modification adjustment during applying a

Support Package or performing an Upgrade.

22..What are the 3 different Oracle database shut down modes?

Normal, immediate, abort

23..Explain  ASAP  in SAP?

ASAP stands for Accelerated SAP. Its purpose is to help design SAP implementation in the most efficient manner possible. Its goal is to effectively optimize time, people, quality and other resources, using a proven methodology to implementation. ASAP focuses on tools and training, wrapped up in a five-phase process oriented road map for guiding implementation.
The road map is composed of five well-known consecutive phases:

 Phase A..Project Preparation
 Phase B..Business Blueprint
 Phase C..Realization
 Phase D..Final Preparation
 Phase E..Go-Live and support

24..What is the business blueprint?

This function documents the business processes in your company that you want to implement in the system. In a Business Blueprint for Projects, you create a project structure in which relevant business scenarios, business processes and process steps are organized in a hierarchical structure. You can also create project documentation and assign it to individual scenarios, processes or process steps. You then assign transactions to each process step, to specify how your business processes should run in your SAP systems.

The Business Blueprint is a detailed description of your business processes and system requirements. You can print it out.

25..What is the function of Transport Organizer?

 Transport Organizer records customizing changes and ABAP

Development Workbench changes in transport requests for Customizing and

development.

26..What is go live and support?

As an SAP implementation project gets closer to go live, the entire project team is focused on one key objective: the go-live date. Master data has been uploaded but the quality has not been checked, users have been trained but not all have shown up, control reports are at the low priority end of the long ABAP list and are not yet in place. And then the moment arrives: the go-live

27..What Is SAP IMG?

SAP, an acronym for Systems, Applications and Products, was developed in 1972 in Germany. The SAP company provides client and server business solutions, but SAP is also a software program. SAP has a high level of integration among its individual applications. IMG stands for Implementation Guide and is a collective of other programs and software applications for implementing the SAP system and controlling and documenting the implementation

28..Which tools can be used to install an additional Usage Type?

 SAP inst or JSPM

29..What is the  Data  archiving?

Data Archiving, in general means deleting the huge volumes of the data that is no longer required in the database to some file system or any third party storage system. It is also a service provided by SAP for the consistent removal of data objects from database tables of the SAP database, where all table entries that characterize a data object are written to an archive file outside the database

30..How to schedule the background job at O/S level?

Actually we can not completely schedule background at OS Level but we can trigger a background job which has already scheduled by using sapevt tool syntax as follows.

sapevt <event name> nr=<instance name> name=<host name>

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BASIS / NETWEAVER INTERVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

                                            

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11..What is landscape in basis?

Landscape is like a server system or like a layout of the servers or some may even call it the architecture of the servers 

12..Explain about your client?

In the SAP landscape, a client is an entity with independent information and data. The SAP client concept is based on the fact that an application service provider (ASP) must provide and administer all resources at a minimal cost, which is quite challenging in a multiple customer-client environment.

SAP provides the option of allocating each customer to a client, thereby removing the need to provide separate physical systems for each customer. This helps reduce physical hardware and sharing of hardware and related software, thereby reducing administration and support requirements and facilitating clients and a large number of customers.

13..What is an authorization?

Authorization objects are composed of a grouping of fields. The values in these fields will be used in authorization check. There can be a maximum of 10 fields defind on an authorization object.

 Basically we use this authorization objects to check whether the user is having an authorization to run particular transaction.  We assign authorization objects to a role with specific ACTVT type. For example a user is authorized only to view, other could be authorized to modify and so on.    IF your use rid not attached to specific role than contact your basis team to resolve the problem by sending SU53 screen shot. 

AUTHORITY-CHECK is the statement used in an ABAP Program to perform an authorization check against an authorization object.  This statement will return sy-subrc is 0 if user has required authorization otherwise will return code will be other than Zero.  Each return code will have different meaning.

14..What is the spool  overflow?

Spool request that got generated are stored in a temporary sequential file called Temse. Please note that these are stored in Temse because these are not stored permanently. The size of the Temse is limited by the parameter definition.

The default size of Temse is 32,000 and it can be increased till 2 billion. However, defining very high value can effect the database performance. Due to limited storage capacity of Temse, when this file got full, this throws an SAP spool overflow error.

If this happens, customers could not print from SAP. If you check in SM21 and ST22 transactions, you may encounter some error log or dumps like

ERROR IN SPOOL call : SPOOL OVERFLOW

SPOOL_INTERNAL_ERROR

System internal error in the spool system

15..Which files must be restored from tape to allow a full database restore and recovery ?

Tablespace data files, database control file, and all archived database transaction logs created. since the last full backup

                                                     

16..Do you have direct access with your client?

You can log on to the SAP systems using SAP GUI for Windows or SAP GUI for  Java. The relevant SAP GUI  must be installed on your PC.  

The SAP system is logged on to using SAP Logon. The required system connections in SAP Logon are usually set up by the system administration, and are available directly to users. For more information about creating and maintaining system connections, see SAP GUI help (see below).

Working in the SAP system

Adjusting the local layout to suit your personal requirements.

Note

SAP GUI for Windows and SAP GUI for Java have an integrated help function.

SAP GUI for Windows

:

Whenever the SAP Logon window is open and active, you can use the F1 key to open SAP GUI help. Depending on which window element the cursor is currently on, the information structure opens in the relevant place. From here you can navigate to any other place in the help structure. The help offers a full text search, as you know it from other applications. You start the full text search by pressing key combination CTRL+F.. SAP GUI help is delivered in English and German and is part of your local SAP GUI installation.

17..What happens if a table wants to allocate another extent but there is not enough contiguous free space in the tablespace?

                                    

The Oracle error message ORA-1653 is sent to the Syslog file and to the ABAP/4 short dump.

18..What is client copy?

A client copy does not "generate a new system". It is used to transfer information between clients within the same system or to another system at the same release and db level.

Procedure to create:
If it is a fresh installation, do this --

A. SCC4 --> Create client no. and fill other details.

B. Logon to the newly created client with SAP* and PASS as password.

C. SCCL --> choose any profile (preferably SAP_ALL),source client 000 and target client

D. Preferably do a test run initially to check if it can go well.

E. As a care check space in databases.

You can do Client copies remotely or do an export/import of data. Please study the dependencies of client dependant/independent data relents.
Export: If you need to do a full client copy and database is more than 50 or 60gb, the import may tae little long time. Export of the full data can be done with SAP_ALLprofile in Source system. SCC4 >> Export the data with required profiles. It will create data and cofiles under os level. (usr/sap/trans/data, cofiles).The export may take of 8 to 20 hrs depends on data.The import may take several days based on the size of the data. You need to set some parameters before you start the import. After the successful import you need to do post processing for client copy with request in scc8.

It depends upon what method you want to do client copy.
If you say remote client copy, i will suggest you against it because it takes hell lot of time to do client copy and any break for a moment in network connection will cause failure in client copy. If you are exporting the client then as such there is no problem, just remember the sequence in which you import the three (or two) transport requests. AND, keep enough free space in Tablespaces of Target server
Procedure :

A.Check Sufficient space at OS level to keep extracted data from source client

B.Export the client using following path or scc8Tools (r) Administration (r) Administration (r) Client Admin. (r) Client Transport (r) Client Export. Select the data to be copied using a profile. (if u want client specific and cross client data use profile sap_expc). before importing ensure that all table spaces have enough space for this check source system table spaces and allocate table space accordingly)

C.Now create new client in target system

D.now import those requests in target client using stms or scc6

E.Now perform post processing Tools (r) Administration (r) Administration (r) Client administration (r) Client transport(r) Import editing

19..An Instance error occurs when 1 or more Oracle background processes become corrupted. What actions should the database administrator take to correct the problem?

Shut down abort and start up open. The SMON process will use the current redo log files and checkpoint information from the control files to execute an automatic instance recovery upon database start up

20..The physical separation of database logs from their mirror copies means?

Using physically separate disks

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1..What is the meaning and use of  SAP?

A German  software company  whose  products allow businesses to track  customer and business interactions. SAP is especially well-known for its  Enterprises Resources planning(ERP) and data management programs.. SAP is an acronym for   System Application and Products.

2..What is  Sap BASIS?

Basis means Business Application Systems Integrated Solutions. A set of middleware programs and tools that provide the underlying base that enable applications to be interoperable across operating systems. SAP Basis includes a RDBMS, GUI, and client server architecture. Beyond the interface aspect of Basis, it also includes such components as a data dictionary as well as user and system administration. Basis is the administration of the SAP system. It's a piece of middleware which links the application with the database and the operating system. Basis is most commonly associated with the GUI interface to the SAP.

3..What is Sap NetWeaver?

SAP NetWeaver is a set of capabilities that are provided by many different SAP products constructed to work with each other to make applications work together, build new applications on top of existing applications, and lower the total cost of owning applications

People integration : it simply means that it enables you to bring people together and help them work more efficiently.

Information integration: means you can bring together information from a variety of locations and have it make sense in the context of what your folks do every day.

Process integration: means coordinating the flow of work across departments, divisions, and between companies.

4..What is the difference between  Basis  and Netweaver?

BASIS is a module in SAP which deals with system administration (which you already know).

Netweaver is comprehensive technology integration platform and there are a lot of components in it like CRM, SRM, XI, EP, ECC and WAS (Web application server). No matter which component is used from the above list, it has to sit on the WEB AS (WAS) platform.

ECC is the latest version of R/3. (it came after 4.7 for SAP).

So coming to your question, yes, you can learn courses on WAS component of Netweaver  (that will make you a BASIS consultant).

Solution manager is now a days coming bundled with SAP. (of course license fee has to be paid for it to be used).

More and more people are using Solution manager right from implementation to support and monitoring purposes. So solution manager with WAS (BASIS) is an additional advantage.

5..SAP guarantees certain maintenance periods for SAP NetWeaver-based products. The mainstream maintenance can be extended by paying increased maintenance fees. How many years will an SAP product be maintained in total, if you are willing to pay a maintenance fee increased by 2% for a part of the maintenance time?

The software product is maintained 6 (5 + 1) years in this case

6..How much Swap memory should be in the system ?

Three times of main Memory – at least 2GB

7..What is authorization in basis?

Actions and the access to data are protected by authorization objects in the SAP system. Authorization objects allow complex checks that involve multiple conditions that allow a user to perform an action. The conditions are specified in authorization fields for the authorization objects and are AND linked for the check. Authorization objects and their fields have descriptive and technical names.  An authorization is always associated with exactly one authorization object and contains the  value for the fields for the authorization object. An authorization is a permission to perform a certain action in the SAP system. The action is defined on the basis of the values for the individual fields of an authorization object.

8..What is landscape in Basis?

Landscape is like a server system or like a layout of the servers or some may even call it the architecture of the servers viz. SAP is divided into three different landscape DEV, QAS and PROD.

9..How much swap memory should be in the system ?

Three times of main Memory – at least 2GB

10..What is spool request?

Spool Request data only readable at Spool Work Process. after creating it will go to Spool Wp. But Output Request  will be create at Spool WP. It will be sent to Operating Spooler. After that it will print at O/S level.

TRANSACTION CODES

  SAP BASIS TRANSACTION CODES

User Administration:

SU01    User Maintenance
SU01D User Display
SU02    Maintain Authorization Profiles
SU03    Maintain Authorizations
SU05    Maintain Internet users
SU10    User Mass Maintenance
SMLG   Maintain Logon Group
SUPC   Profiles for activity groups
SUIM    Info system Authorizations
PFCG   Profile Generator
PFUD   User Master Data Reconciliation

             

Client Administration:

SCC3   Checking Client Copy Log
SCC4   Client Administration
SCC5   Client Delete
SCC7   Client Import Post-Processing
SCC8   Client Export
SCCL   Local Client Copy
SCC9   Remote client copy

Database Administration:

DB01   Analyze exclusive lock waits
DB02   Analyze tables and indexes
DB12   DB Backup Monitor
DB13   DBA Planning Calendar
DB15   Data Archiving: Database Tables

Transport Management System:

STMS   Transport Management System
SE01   Transport and Correction System
SE06   Set Up Workbench Organizer
SE07   CTS Status Display
SE09   Workbench Organizer
SE10   Customizing Organizer
SE11   ABAP/4 Dictionary Maintenance
SE16   Data Browser
SE80   Repository Browser
SM30   Call View Maintenance
SM31   Table Maintenance

Background Jobs Administration:

SM36   Define Background Job
SM37   Background Job Overview
SM39   Job Analysis
SM49   Execute External OS commands
SM62   Maintain Events
SM64   Release of an Event
SM65   Background Processing Analysis Tool
SM69   Maintain External OS Commands

Spool Administration:

SP01   Output Controller
SP11   TemSe directory
SP12   TemSe Administration
SPAD  Spool Administration

Other Administration Tcodes:

AL11   Display SAP Directories
BD54   Maintain Logical Systems
OSS1   Logon to Online Service System
SALE IMG Application Link Enabling
SARA  Archive Management
SICK   Installation Check
SM14  Update Program Administration
SM35  Batch Input Monitoring
SM56  Number Range Buffer
SM58  Asynchronous RFC Error Log
SM59  RFC Destinations (Display/Maintain)
SAINT SAP Add-on Installation Tool
SPAM SAP Patch Manager (SPAM)
SPAU Display modified DE objects
SPDD Display modified DDIC objects
ST11 Display Developer Traces

Daily monitoring TCodes:

AL08   Current Active Users
SM12  Display and Delete Locks
SM13  Display Update Records
SM21  System Log
SM50  Work Process Overview
SM51  List of SAP Servers
SM66  System Wide Work Process Overview
ST22   ABAP/4 Runtime Error Analysis
ST01   System Trace
ST02   Setups/Tune Buffers
ST04   Select DB activities
ST05   Performance trace
ST06   Operating System Monitor
ST10   Table call statistics
ST03   Performance, SAP Statistics, Workload
SU56   Analyze User Buffer

Other Monitoring Tcodes:

OS01  LAN check with ping
RZ01  Job Scheduling Monitor
RZ03  Presentation, Control SAP Instances
ST07  Application monitor
STAT Local transaction statistics

Other Useful Transactions Codes

AL22    Dependent objects display
BAOV  Add-On Version Information
SA38   ABAP reporting
SE38   ABAP Editor
HIER   Internal Application Component Hierarchy Maintenance
ICON   Display Icons
WEDI  IDoc and EDI Basis
WE02  IDoc display
WE07  IDoc statistics
WE20  Partner profiles
WE21  Port definition
WE46  IDoc administration
WE47  Status Maintenance
$TAB   Refreshes the table buffers
$SYNC Refreshes all buffers, except the program buffer